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-
-Title
------
-"Telemeta : open web audio platform for sound archives in the use case of ethnomusicology"
-
-
-Authors
--------
-Thomas Fillon, Guillaume Pellerin, Paul Brossier and Joséphine Simonnot
-
-
-Abstract
---------
-
-Telemeta is a fully-operational open-source web audio platform dedicated to digital sound archives secure storing, indexing and publishing. It focuses on the enhance and collaborative user-experience in accessing audio items and their associated metadata and on the possibility for the expert users to further enrich those metadata.
-
-Telemeta architecture relies on TimeSide, an open audio processing framework written in Python which provides a smart embeddable HTML audio player together with decoding, encoding and streaming methods for various formats. TimeSide also includes a set of audio analysis plugins and additionally wraps several state-of-the-art audio features extraction libraries to provide automatic annotation, segmentation and musicological analysis.
-
-The demonstration presents the features of this platform in the context of ethnomusicological research.
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-
-\bibitem{brossierPhD}
-Brossier, P.: Automatic annotation of musical audio for interactive systems.
- Ph.D. thesis, Centre for Digital music, Queen Mary University of London, UK
- (2006)
-
-\bibitem{DublinCore}
-{Dublin Core} metadata initiative, \url{http://dublincore.org/}
-
-\bibitem{yaafe_ISMIR2010}
-Mathieu, B., Essid, S., Fillon, T., Prado, J., Richard, G.: Yaafe, an easy to
- use and efficient audio feature extraction software. In: Proc. of ISMIR 2010,
- Utrecht, Netherlands. pp. 441--446. International Society for Music
- Information Retrieval (2010),
- \url{http://ismir2010.ismir.net/proceedings/ismir2010-75.pdf}
-
-\bibitem{OAI-PMH}
-Open archives initiative protocol for metadata harvesting,
- \url{http://www.openarchives.org/pmh/}
-
-\bibitem{telemetaCREM}
-Archives sonores du {CNRS} - {Musée de l'Homme},
- \url{http://archives.crem-cnrs.fr}
-
-\bibitem{vamp-plugins}
-The {Vamp} audio analysis plugin system, \url{http://www.vamp-plugins.org}
-
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-\BOOKMARK [0][-]{chapter.1}{TELEMETA, audio web Content Management System for ethnomusicological sound archives}{}% 1
-\BOOKMARK [1][-]{section.1.1}{Introduction}{chapter.1}% 2
-\BOOKMARK [1][-]{section.1.2}{Telemeta}{chapter.1}% 3
-\BOOKMARK [2][-]{subsection.1.2.1}{Web audio content management features and architecture}{section.1.2}% 4
-\BOOKMARK [2][-]{subsection.1.2.2}{Metadata}{section.1.2}% 5
-\BOOKMARK [1][-]{section.1.3}{TimeSide}{chapter.1}% 6
-\BOOKMARK [2][-]{subsection.1.3.1}{Audio management}{section.1.3}% 7
-\BOOKMARK [2][-]{subsection.1.3.2}{Audio features extraction}{section.1.3}% 8
-\BOOKMARK [1][-]{section.1.4}{Conclusion - Purpose of the demonstration}{chapter.1}% 9
+++ /dev/null
-\r
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% file typeinst.tex %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%\r
-%\r
-% This is the LaTeX source for the instructions to authors using\r
-% the LaTeX document class 'llncs.cls' for contributions to\r
-% the Lecture Notes in Computer Sciences series.\r
-% http://www.springer.com/lncs Springer Heidelberg 2006/05/04\r
-%\r
-% It may be used as a template for your own input - copy it\r
-% to a new file with a new name and use it as the basis\r
-% for your article.\r
-%\r
-% NB: the document class 'llncs' has its own and detailed documentation, see\r
-% ftp://ftp.springer.de/data/pubftp/pub/tex/latex/llncs/latex2e/llncsdoc.pdf\r
-%\r
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%\r
-\r
-\r
-\documentclass[runningheads,a4paper]{llncs}\r
-\r
-\usepackage{amssymb}\r
-\setcounter{tocdepth}{3}\r
-\usepackage{graphicx}\r
-\usepackage{xcolor}\r
-\usepackage{hyperref}\r
-\r
-\newcommand{\keywords}[1]{\par\addvspace\baselineskip\r
-\noindent\keywordname\enspace\ignorespaces#1}\r
-\r
-\pagestyle{headings}\r
-\r
-\begin{document}\r
-\r
-\mainmatter % start of an individual contribution\r
-\r
-% first the title is needed\r
-\title{TELEMETA, Audio web CMS for Ethnomusicological sound archives}\r
-\r
-% a short form should be given in case it is too long for the running head\r
-\titlerunning{TELEMETA, Audio web CMS for Ethnomusicological sound archives}\r
-\r
-% the name(s) of the author(s) follow(s) next\r
-%\r
-% NB: Chinese authors should write their first names(s) in front of\r
-% their surnames. This ensures that the names appear correctly in\r
-% the running heads and the author index.\r
-%\r
-\author{Thomas Fillon\inst{1} \and Guillaume Pellerin\inst{1}\r
- \and Jos{\'e}phine Simonnot\inst{2} \r
-\thanks{This work was partially done inside the DIADEMS project funded by the national french agency ANR (CONTINT)}\r
-}\r
-%\r
-\authorrunning{Thomas Fillon \and Guillaume Pellerin \and Jos{\'e}phine Simonnot}\r
-% (feature abused for this document to repeat the title also on left hand pages)\r
-\r
-% the affiliations are given next; don't give your e-mail address\r
-% unless you accept that it will be published\r
-\institute{PARISSON, \url{http://www.parisson.com}\\\r
-\url{{thomas.fillon,guillaume.pellerin}@parisson.com}\r
-\and \r
-CREM, LESC, CNRS UMR 7186, M.A.E. - Universit{\'e} Paris Ouest\\\r
-\url{josephine.simonnot@mae.u-paris10.fr}}\r
-\r
-%\toctitle{Lecture Notes in Computer Science}\r
-%\tocauthor{Authors' Instructions}\r
-\maketitle\r
-\r
-% Reset Footnote counter after author definition\r
-\setcounter{footnote}{0}\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin{abstract}\r
-The abstract should summarize the contents of the paper and should\r
-contain at least 70 and at most 150 words. It should be written using the\r
-\emph{abstract} environment.\r
-\keywords{Sound archives, Ethnomusicology, Database, web platform, Metadata}\r
-\end{abstract}\r
-\r
-\r
-\section{Introduction}\r
-\r
-In social sciences like anthropology or linguistic, researchers have to work on multiple type of multimedia documents like photos, videos, sound recordings or databases. The need to easily access, visualize and annotate such materials can be problematic given their diverse formats, sources and given their chronological nature.\r
-This particular concern gets together some laboratories\footnote{the Research Center on Ethnomusicology (CREM), the Musical Acoustics Laboratory (LAM, UMR 7190) and the sound archives of the Mediterranean House of Human Sciences (MMHS)} involved in research on Ethnomusicoly from the french National Center on Scientific Research (CNRS).\r
-\r
-Given those considerations, since 2007, the CREM laboratory and Parisson, a company specialized in the management of audio databases, have been developing \emph{Telemeta}, an innovative, collaborative and interdisciplinary open web-based multimedia platform that fits the professional requirements from both sound archivists and researchers in ethnomusicology. Since 2008, a first prototype of this platform has been online\footnote{Archives sonores du CNRS, Musée de l'Homme, \url{http://archives.crem-cnrs.fr}}.\r
-\r
-%With the help and expertise of Parisson, a company specialized in the management of audio database, a first prototype of this web-based multimedia platform, named \emph{Telemeta} has been online since 2008 and enable to access sound archives of the CREM laboratory and their associated documentations \cite{telemetaCREM}.%\footnote{Archives sonores du CNRS, Musée de l'Homme, \url{http://archives.crem-cnrs.fr}}\r
-\r
-\r
-%Accessing audio archives materials with numerous collection of items of arbitrary duration ranging from a minute to several hours was a common issue shared by some laboratories from the french National Center on Scientific Research (CNRS) and involved in research on Ethnomusicoly. Those laboratories, the Research Center on Ethnomusicology (CREM),the Musical Acoustics Laboratory (LAM, UMR 7190) and the sound archives of the Mediterranean House of Human Sciences (MMHS) have decided to join together to develop a solution for managing, preserving, accessing and broadcasting their sound archives.\r
-\r
-\r
-\r
-\section{Telemeta}\label{sec:Telemeta}\r
-\subsection{Web audio content management features and architecture}\r
-Telemeta\footnote{\url{http://telemeta.org}} is a free and open source\footnote{Telemeta code is available under the \href{http://cecill.info/licences/Licence_CeCILL_V2-en.html}{CeCILL Free Software License Agreement}} web audio content management system which introduces useful and secure methods to backup, index, transcode, analyse and publish any digitalized audio file with its metadata. \r
-\r
-An overview of the Telemeta's web interface is illustrated in Figure~\ref{fig:Telemeta}\r
-\r
-\begin{figure}[htbp]\r
- \centering\r
- \includegraphics[width=10cm]{img/telemeta.png}\r
- \caption{Screenshot excerpt of the \emph{Telemeta} web interface}\label{fig:Telemeta}\r
-\end{figure}\r
-\r
-Telemeta is dedicated to professionals who wants to easily organize, backup, archive and publish documented sound collections of audio files, CDs, digitalized vinyls and magnetic tapes over a strong database, in accordance with open web standards. \r
-\r
-\r
-\emph{Telemeta} architecture is flexible and can easily be adapted to particular database organization of a given sound archives. \r
-%\emph{Telemeta} features multi-criteria text-based search engine and functions to easily navigate inside an audio item.\r
-%+ audio analysis (via TimeSide)\r
-%+ time markers for annotation and segmentation of instant or temporal region of the audio data.\r
-\r
-Regarding web aspects, the main features of \emph{Telemeta} are :\r
-\begin{itemize}\r
-\item \emph{Pure HTML} web user interface including high level \emph{search engine}\r
-\item Smart \emph{workflow management} with contextual user lists, profiles and rights\r
- % \item RSS and JSON feed generators\r
- % \item XML serialized backup\r
-\item Strong SQL or Oracle backend\r
-\item MVC architecture \r
-\end{itemize}\r
-\r
- \r
-\r
-Beside database management, the audio support is mainly provided through an external component : TimeSide which is described in Section~\ref{sec:Timeside}\r
-\r
-\subsection{Metadata}\label{sec:metadata}\r
-In addition to the audio data, an efficient and dynamic management of the associated metadata is also required. %Consulting metadata provide both an exhaustive access to valuable information about the source of the data and to the related work of peer researchers. \r
-Dynamically handling metadata in a collaborative manner enable to optimize the continuous process of knowledge gathering and enrichment of the materials in the database. \r
-%One of the major challenge is thus the standardization of audio and metadata formats with the aim of long-term preservation and usage of the different materials.\r
-The compatibility with other systems is facilitated by the integration of the metadata standards protocols \emph{Dublin Core} and \emph{OAI-PMH} \cite{DublinCore,OAI-PMH}.\r
-\r
-Metadata provide two different kinds of information about the audio item : contextual information and annotations.\r
-\r
-\paragraph{Contextual Information}\r
-Regarding ethnomusicology, contextual information could be geographic, cultural and musical. It could also store archives related information and include related materials in any multimedia format. \r
-\paragraph{Annotation and segmentation}\r
-Metadata also consist in temporal information such as \emph{time-coded makers} with comments and \emph{segmentation} according to ontology relevant for ethnomusicology (e.g. speech versus singing voice segment, chorus, ...)\r
-It should be notice that those annotations and segmentation can be done either by an human expert or by some audio processing automatic analysis (see Section~\ref{sec:Timeside}).\r
-\r
-\r
-\section{TimeSide}\label{sec:Timeside}\r
-One specificity of the Telemeta architecture is to rely on an external component, \emph{TimeSide}, that offers audio player integration together with audio signal processing analysis capabilities.\r
- \r
-Figure~\ref{fig:TimeSide_Archi} illustrates the overall architecture of \emph{TimeSide}.\r
-\r
-\begin{figure}[htbp]\r
- \centering\r
- \includegraphics[width=10cm]{img/timeside_schema.pdf}\r
- \caption{TimeSide architecture}\label{fig:TimeSide_Archi}\r
-\end{figure}\r
-\r
-\r
-\subsection{Audio management}\r
-TimeSide provides the following main features :\r
-\begin{itemize}\r
-\item \emph{Secure archiving, editing and publishing of audio files} over\r
- internet.\r
-\item Smart \emph{audio player} with enhance visualization (waveform, spectrogram)\r
-\item \emph{Multi-format support} : read all available audio and video formats through Gstreamer, transcoding with smart streaming and caching methods% (FLAC, OGG, MP3, WAV and WebM)\r
- % \item \emph{Playlist management} for all users with CSV data export\r
-\item "On the fly" \emph{audio analyzing, transcoding and metadata\r
- embedding} based on an easy plugin architecture\r
-\end{itemize}\r
-\r
-\subsection{Audio features extraction}\r
-TimeSide incorporates some state-of-the-art audio feature extraction libraries such as Aubio, Yaafe and Vamp plugins \cite{brossierPhD,yaafe_ISMIR2010,vamp-plugins}.\r
-This feature extraction capability enable to automatically analyzes every sound items in a given collection and display the results as a support to ethnomusicological studies.\r
-Further works on that subject will incorporate advance Music Information Retrieval methods to provide automatic annotation and segmentation together with similarity analysis.\r
-\r
-\section{Conclusion - Purpose of the demonstration}\r
-The demonstration aims at presenting the features offered by \emph{Telemeta} as detailed in Section~\ref{sec:Telemeta} in the context of ethnomusicological sound archives \cite{telemetaCREM}. It focuses on the enhance and collaborative user-experience for accessing the audio items and associated metadata and on the possibility for the expert user to further enrich those metadata.\r
-Another goal of this demonstration is to present the integrated audio analysis tools described in Section~\ref{sec:Timeside}\r
-\r
-\r
-\subsubsection*{Acknowledgments.} \r
-The authors would like to thanks all the people that have been involved in \emph{Telemeta} specification and development or have provide appreciated thoughts during discussions.\r
-\r
-\r
-\r
-\bibliographystyle{splncs03}\r
-\bibliography{cmmr_2013}\r
-\r
-\r
-\end{document}\r
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-\begin{document}\r
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-\mainmatter % start of an individual contribution\r
-\r
-% first the title is needed\r
-\title{TELEMETA, audio web CMS for ethnomusicological sound archives}\r
-\r
-% a short form should be given in case it is too long for the running head\r
-\titlerunning{TELEMETA, audio web CMS for ethnomusicological sound archives}\r
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-%\r
-\author{Thomas Fillon\inst{1,2} \and Guillaume Pellerin\inst{1}\r
- \and Jos{\'e}phine Simonnot\inst{3} \r
-\thanks{This work was partially done inside the DIADEMS project funded by the national french agency ANR (CONTINT)}\r
-}\r
-%\r
-\authorrunning{Thomas Fillon \and Guillaume Pellerin \and Jos{\'e}phine Simonnot}\r
-% (feature abused for this document to repeat the title also on left hand pages)\r
-\r
-% the affiliations are given next; don't give your e-mail address\r
-% unless you accept that it will be published\r
-\institute{\r
-% 1 - PARISSON\r
-\href{http://www.parisson.com}{PARISSON}, 16 rue Jacques Louvel-Tessier 75010 Paris, France\r
-\url{{thomas.fillon,guillaume.pellerin}@parisson.com}\r
-% 2 - LAM / UPMC\r
-\and \r
-LAM, Institut Jean Le Rond d'Alembert, UPMC Univ. Paris 06, UMR CNRS 7190,\\ \r
- 11 rue de Lourmel, 75015 Paris, France\r
-% 3 - CREM\r
-\and\r
-CREM, LESC, UMR CNRS 7186\\ MAE, Université Paris Ouest Nanterre La Défense,\r
-21 Allée de l'Université - 92023 Nanterre\\\r
-\url{josephine.simonnot@mae.u-paris10.fr}}\r
-\r
-%\toctitle{Lecture Notes in Computer Science}\r
-%\tocauthor{Authors' Instructions}\r
-\maketitle\r
-\r
-% Reset Footnote counter after author definition\r
-\setcounter{footnote}{0}\r
-\r
-\r
-\begin{abstract}\r
-\emph{Telemeta} is an open-source audio web CMS dedicated to digital sound archives secure storing, indexing and publishing. The demonstration aims at presenting the features offered by this platform in the ethnomusicological research context. It focuses on the enhance and collaborative user-experience in accessing the audio items and associated metadata and on the possibility for the expert user to further enrich those metadata. \emph{Telemeta} also provides integrated audio signal processing tools for automatic analysis of the sound items.\r
-\keywords{Sound archives, Metadata, Ethnomusicology, Database, Audio labelling, Web platform}\r
-\end{abstract}\r
-\r
-\r
-\section{Introduction}\r
-\r
-In social sciences like anthropology or linguistic, researchers have to work on multiple type of multimedia documents like photos, videos, sound recordings or databases. The need to easily access, visualize and annotate such materials can be problematic given their diverse formats, sources and given their chronological nature.\r
-This particular concern gets together some laboratories\footnote{The Research Center on Ethnomusicology (CREM), the Musical Acoustics Laboratory (LAM, UMR 7190) and the sound archives of the Mediterranean House of Human Sciences (MMHS)} involved in research on Ethnomusicoly from the french National Center on Scientific Research (CNRS).\r
-\r
-Given those considerations, since 2007, the CREM laboratory and Parisson, a company specialized in the management of audio databases, have been developing \emph{Telemeta}, an innovative, collaborative and interdisciplinary open web-based multimedia platform that fits the professional requirements from both sound archivists and researchers in ethnomusicology. Since 2008, a first prototype of this platform has been online\footnote{Archives sonores du CNRS, Musée de l'Homme, \url{http://archives.crem-cnrs.fr}}.\r
-\r
-\section{Telemeta}\label{sec:Telemeta}\vspace{-0.2cm}\r
-\subsection{Web audio content management features and architecture}\r
-Telemeta\footnote{\url{http://telemeta.org}} is a free and open source\footnote{Telemeta code is available under the \href{http://cecill.info/licences/Licence_CeCILL_V2-en.html}{CeCILL Free Software License Agreement}} web audio content management system which introduces useful and secure methods to backup, index, transcode, analyse and publish any digitalized audio file with its metadata. \r
-\r
-An overview of the Telemeta's web interface is illustrated in Figure~\ref{fig:Telemeta}\r
-\begin{figure}[htbp]\r
- \centering\r
- \includegraphics[width=10cm]{img/telemeta.png}\r
- \caption{Screenshot excerpt of the \emph{Telemeta} web interface}\label{fig:Telemeta}\r
-\end{figure}\r
-\r
-Telemeta is dedicated to professionals who wants to easily organize, backup, archive and publish documented sound collections of audio files, CDs, digitalized vinyls and magnetic tapes over a strong database, in accordance with open web standards. \r
-\emph{Telemeta} architecture is flexible and can easily be adapted to particular database organization of a given sound archives. \r
-\r
-Regarding web aspects, the main features of \emph{Telemeta} are :\r
-\begin{itemize}\r
-\item \emph{Pure HTML} web user interface including high level \emph{search engine}\r
-\item Smart \emph{workflow management} with contextual user lists, profiles and rights\r
- % \item RSS and JSON feed generators\r
- % \item XML serialized backup\r
-\item Strong SQL or Oracle backend\r
-\item MVC architecture \r
-\end{itemize}\r
-Beside database management, the audio support is mainly provided through an external component : TimeSide which is described in Section~\ref{sec:Timeside}\r
-\r
-\subsection{Metadata}\label{sec:metadata}\r
-In addition to the audio data, an efficient and dynamic management of the associated metadata is also required. %Consulting metadata provide both an exhaustive access to valuable information about the source of the data and to the related work of peer researchers. \r
-Dynamically handling metadata in a collaborative manner enable to optimize the continuous process of knowledge gathering and enrichment of the materials in the database. \r
-%One of the major challenge is thus the standardization of audio and metadata formats with the aim of long-term preservation and usage of the different materials.\r
-The compatibility with other systems is facilitated by the integration of the metadata standards protocols \emph{Dublin Core} and \emph{OAI-PMH} \cite{DublinCore,OAI-PMH}.\r
-\r
-%Metadata provide two different kinds of information about the audio item : contextual information and annotations.\r
-\paragraph{Contextual Information}\r
-Regarding ethnomusicology, contextual information could be geographic, cultural and musical. It could also store archives related information and include related materials in any multimedia format. \r
-\paragraph{Annotation and segmentation}\r
-Metadata also consist in temporal information such as \emph{time-coded makers} with comments and \emph{segmentation} according to ontology relevant for ethnomusicology (e.g. speech versus singing voice segment, chorus, ...)\r
-It should be notice that those annotations and segmentation can be done either by an human expert or by some audio processing automatic analysis (see Section~\ref{sec:Timeside}).\r
-\r
-\r
-\section{TimeSide}\label{sec:Timeside}\vspace{-0.2cm}\r
-One specificity of the Telemeta architecture is to rely on an external component, \emph{TimeSide}, that offers audio player integration together with audio signal processing analysis capabilities. Figure~\ref{fig:TimeSide_Archi} illustrates the overall architecture of \emph{TimeSide}.\r
-\r
-\begin{figure}[htbp]\r
- \centering\r
- \includegraphics[width=10cm]{img/timeside_schema.pdf}\r
- \caption{TimeSide architecture (see \url{https://code.google.com/p/timeside/})]\label{fig:TimeSide_Archi}\r
-\end{figure}\r
-\r
-\r
-\subsection{Audio management}\r
-TimeSide provides the following main features :\r
-\begin{itemize}\r
-\item \emph{Secure archiving, editing and publishing of audio files} over\r
- internet.\r
-\item Smart \emph{audio player} with enhance visualization (waveform, spectrogram)\r
-\item \emph{Multi-format support} : read all available audio and video formats through Gstreamer, transcoding with smart streaming and caching methods% (FLAC, OGG, MP3, WAV and WebM)\r
- % \item \emph{Playlist management} for all users with CSV data export\r
-\item "On the fly" \emph{audio analyzing, transcoding and metadata\r
- embedding} based on an easy plugin architecture\r
-\end{itemize}\r
-\r
-\subsection{Audio features extraction}\r
-TimeSide incorporates some state-of-the-art audio feature extraction libraries such as Aubio, Yaafe and Vamp plugins \cite{brossierPhD,yaafe_ISMIR2010,vamp-plugins}.\r
-This feature extraction capability enable to automatically analyzes every sound items in a given collection and display the results as a support to ethnomusicological studies.\r
-Further works on that subject will incorporate advance Music Information Retrieval methods to provide automatic annotation, segmentation and similarity analysis.\r
-\r
-\section{Conclusion - Purpose of the demonstration}\vspace{-0.2cm}\r
-The demonstration aims at presenting the features offered by \emph{Telemeta} as detailed in Section~\ref{sec:Telemeta} in the context of ethnomusicological sound archives \cite{telemetaCREM}. It focuses on the enhance and collaborative user-experience in accessing the audio items and associated metadata and on the possibility for the expert user to further enrich those metadata.\r
-Another goal of this demonstration is to present the integrated audio analysis tools described in Section~\ref{sec:Timeside}.\r
-\r
-\vspace{-0.2cm}\r
-\subsubsection*{Acknowledgments.} \r
-The authors would like to thank all the people that have been involved in \emph{Telemeta} specification and development or have provide appreciated thoughts. Since 2007, the project has been also partially funded thanks to the french National Center on Scientific Research (CNRS), the french ministry of culture and communication, the TGE Adonis consortium and the french Research Center on Ethnomusicology CREM.\r
-\r
-\r
-\bibliographystyle{splncs03}\r
-\bibliography{cmmr_2013}\r
-\r
-\r
-\end{document}\r
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- \Large \bfseries #1\par\nobreak\r
- \vskip 40\p@\r
- }}\r
-\def\@schapter#1{\if@twocolumn\r
- \@topnewpage[\@makeschapterhead{#1}]%\r
- \else\r
- \@makeschapterhead{#1}%\r
- \@afterheading\r
- \fi}\r
-\def\@makeschapterhead#1{%\r
-% \vspace*{50\p@}%\r
- {\centering\r
- \normalfont\r
- \interlinepenalty\@M\r
- \Large \bfseries #1\par\nobreak\r
- \vskip 40\p@\r
- }}\r
-\r
-\renewcommand\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%\r
- {-18\p@ \@plus -4\p@ \@minus -4\p@}%\r
- {12\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@}%\r
- {\normalfont\large\bfseries\boldmath\r
- \rightskip=\z@ \@plus 8em\pretolerance=10000 }}\r
-\renewcommand\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%\r
- {-18\p@ \@plus -4\p@ \@minus -4\p@}%\r
- {8\p@ \@plus 4\p@ \@minus 4\p@}%\r
- {\normalfont\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath\r
- \rightskip=\z@ \@plus 8em\pretolerance=10000 }}\r
-\renewcommand\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%\r
- {-18\p@ \@plus -4\p@ \@minus -4\p@}%\r
- {-0.5em \@plus -0.22em \@minus -0.1em}%\r
- {\normalfont\normalsize\bfseries\boldmath}}\r
-\renewcommand\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%\r
- {-12\p@ \@plus -4\p@ \@minus -4\p@}%\r
- {-0.5em \@plus -0.22em \@minus -0.1em}%\r
- {\normalfont\normalsize\itshape}}\r
-\renewcommand\subparagraph[1]{\typeout{LLNCS warning: You should not use\r
- \string\subparagraph\space with this class}\vskip0.5cm\r
-You should not use \verb|\subparagraph| with this class.\vskip0.5cm}\r
-\r
-\DeclareMathSymbol{\Gamma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"00}\r
-\DeclareMathSymbol{\Delta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"01}\r
-\DeclareMathSymbol{\Theta}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"02}\r
-\DeclareMathSymbol{\Lambda}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"03}\r
-\DeclareMathSymbol{\Xi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"04}\r
-\DeclareMathSymbol{\Pi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"05}\r
-\DeclareMathSymbol{\Sigma}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"06}\r
-\DeclareMathSymbol{\Upsilon}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"07}\r
-\DeclareMathSymbol{\Phi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"08}\r
-\DeclareMathSymbol{\Psi}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"09}\r
-\DeclareMathSymbol{\Omega}{\mathalpha}{letters}{"0A}\r
-\r
-\let\footnotesize\small\r
-\r
-\if@custvec\r
-\def\vec#1{\mathchoice{\mbox{\boldmath$\displaystyle#1$}}\r
-{\mbox{\boldmath$\textstyle#1$}}\r
-{\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptstyle#1$}}\r
-{\mbox{\boldmath$\scriptscriptstyle#1$}}}\r
-\fi\r
-\r
-\def\squareforqed{\hbox{\rlap{$\sqcap$}$\sqcup$}}\r
-\def\qed{\ifmmode\squareforqed\else{\unskip\nobreak\hfil\r
-\penalty50\hskip1em\null\nobreak\hfil\squareforqed\r
-\parfillskip=0pt\finalhyphendemerits=0\endgraf}\fi}\r
-\r
-\def\getsto{\mathrel{\mathchoice {\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\r
-\halign{\hfil\r
-$\displaystyle##$\hfil\cr\gets\cr\to\cr}}}\r
-{\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\textstyle##$\hfil\cr\gets\r
-\cr\to\cr}}}\r
-{\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\scriptstyle##$\hfil\cr\gets\r
-\cr\to\cr}}}\r
-{\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\scriptscriptstyle##$\hfil\cr\r
-\gets\cr\to\cr}}}}}\r
-\def\lid{\mathrel{\mathchoice {\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil\r
-$\displaystyle##$\hfil\cr<\cr\noalign{\vskip1.2pt}=\cr}}}\r
-{\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\textstyle##$\hfil\cr<\cr\r
-\noalign{\vskip1.2pt}=\cr}}}\r
-{\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\scriptstyle##$\hfil\cr<\cr\r
-\noalign{\vskip1pt}=\cr}}}\r
-{\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\scriptscriptstyle##$\hfil\cr\r
-<\cr\r
-\noalign{\vskip0.9pt}=\cr}}}}}\r
-\def\gid{\mathrel{\mathchoice {\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil\r
-$\displaystyle##$\hfil\cr>\cr\noalign{\vskip1.2pt}=\cr}}}\r
-{\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\textstyle##$\hfil\cr>\cr\r
-\noalign{\vskip1.2pt}=\cr}}}\r
-{\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\scriptstyle##$\hfil\cr>\cr\r
-\noalign{\vskip1pt}=\cr}}}\r
-{\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\scriptscriptstyle##$\hfil\cr\r
->\cr\r
-\noalign{\vskip0.9pt}=\cr}}}}}\r
-\def\grole{\mathrel{\mathchoice {\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\r
-\halign{\hfil\r
-$\displaystyle##$\hfil\cr>\cr\noalign{\vskip-1pt}<\cr}}}\r
-{\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\textstyle##$\hfil\cr\r
->\cr\noalign{\vskip-1pt}<\cr}}}\r
-{\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\scriptstyle##$\hfil\cr\r
->\cr\noalign{\vskip-0.8pt}<\cr}}}\r
-{\vcenter{\offinterlineskip\halign{\hfil$\scriptscriptstyle##$\hfil\cr\r
->\cr\noalign{\vskip-0.3pt}<\cr}}}}}\r
-\def\bbbr{{\rm I\!R}} %reelle Zahlen\r
-\def\bbbm{{\rm I\!M}}\r
-\def\bbbn{{\rm I\!N}} %natuerliche Zahlen\r
-\def\bbbf{{\rm I\!F}}\r
-\def\bbbh{{\rm I\!H}}\r
-\def\bbbk{{\rm I\!K}}\r
-\def\bbbp{{\rm I\!P}}\r
-\def\bbbone{{\mathchoice {\rm 1\mskip-4mu l} {\rm 1\mskip-4mu l}\r
-{\rm 1\mskip-4.5mu l} {\rm 1\mskip-5mu l}}}\r
-\def\bbbc{{\mathchoice {\setbox0=\hbox{$\displaystyle\rm C$}\hbox{\hbox\r
-to0pt{\kern0.4\wd0\vrule height0.9\ht0\hss}\box0}}\r
-{\setbox0=\hbox{$\textstyle\rm C$}\hbox{\hbox\r
-to0pt{\kern0.4\wd0\vrule height0.9\ht0\hss}\box0}}\r
-{\setbox0=\hbox{$\scriptstyle\rm C$}\hbox{\hbox\r
-to0pt{\kern0.4\wd0\vrule height0.9\ht0\hss}\box0}}\r
-{\setbox0=\hbox{$\scriptscriptstyle\rm C$}\hbox{\hbox\r
-to0pt{\kern0.4\wd0\vrule height0.9\ht0\hss}\box0}}}}\r
-\def\bbbq{{\mathchoice {\setbox0=\hbox{$\displaystyle\rm\r
-Q$}\hbox{\raise\r
-0.15\ht0\hbox to0pt{\kern0.4\wd0\vrule height0.8\ht0\hss}\box0}}\r
-{\setbox0=\hbox{$\textstyle\rm Q$}\hbox{\raise\r
-0.15\ht0\hbox to0pt{\kern0.4\wd0\vrule height0.8\ht0\hss}\box0}}\r
-{\setbox0=\hbox{$\scriptstyle\rm Q$}\hbox{\raise\r
-0.15\ht0\hbox to0pt{\kern0.4\wd0\vrule height0.7\ht0\hss}\box0}}\r
-{\setbox0=\hbox{$\scriptscriptstyle\rm Q$}\hbox{\raise\r
-0.15\ht0\hbox to0pt{\kern0.4\wd0\vrule height0.7\ht0\hss}\box0}}}}\r
-\def\bbbt{{\mathchoice {\setbox0=\hbox{$\displaystyle\rm\r
-T$}\hbox{\hbox to0pt{\kern0.3\wd0\vrule height0.9\ht0\hss}\box0}}\r
-{\setbox0=\hbox{$\textstyle\rm T$}\hbox{\hbox\r
-to0pt{\kern0.3\wd0\vrule height0.9\ht0\hss}\box0}}\r
-{\setbox0=\hbox{$\scriptstyle\rm T$}\hbox{\hbox\r
-to0pt{\kern0.3\wd0\vrule height0.9\ht0\hss}\box0}}\r
-{\setbox0=\hbox{$\scriptscriptstyle\rm T$}\hbox{\hbox\r
-to0pt{\kern0.3\wd0\vrule height0.9\ht0\hss}\box0}}}}\r
-\def\bbbs{{\mathchoice\r
-{\setbox0=\hbox{$\displaystyle \rm S$}\hbox{\raise0.5\ht0\hbox\r
-to0pt{\kern0.35\wd0\vrule height0.45\ht0\hss}\hbox\r
-to0pt{\kern0.55\wd0\vrule height0.5\ht0\hss}\box0}}\r
-{\setbox0=\hbox{$\textstyle \rm S$}\hbox{\raise0.5\ht0\hbox\r
-to0pt{\kern0.35\wd0\vrule height0.45\ht0\hss}\hbox\r
-to0pt{\kern0.55\wd0\vrule height0.5\ht0\hss}\box0}}\r
-{\setbox0=\hbox{$\scriptstyle \rm S$}\hbox{\raise0.5\ht0\hbox\r
-to0pt{\kern0.35\wd0\vrule height0.45\ht0\hss}\raise0.05\ht0\hbox\r
-to0pt{\kern0.5\wd0\vrule height0.45\ht0\hss}\box0}}\r
-{\setbox0=\hbox{$\scriptscriptstyle\rm S$}\hbox{\raise0.5\ht0\hbox\r
-to0pt{\kern0.4\wd0\vrule height0.45\ht0\hss}\raise0.05\ht0\hbox\r
-to0pt{\kern0.55\wd0\vrule height0.45\ht0\hss}\box0}}}}\r
-\def\bbbz{{\mathchoice {\hbox{$\mathsf\textstyle Z\kern-0.4em Z$}}\r
-{\hbox{$\mathsf\textstyle Z\kern-0.4em Z$}}\r
-{\hbox{$\mathsf\scriptstyle Z\kern-0.3em Z$}}\r
-{\hbox{$\mathsf\scriptscriptstyle Z\kern-0.2em Z$}}}}\r
-\r
-\let\ts\,\r
-\r
-\setlength\leftmargini {17\p@}\r
-\setlength\leftmargin {\leftmargini}\r
-\setlength\leftmarginii {\leftmargini}\r
-\setlength\leftmarginiii {\leftmargini}\r
-\setlength\leftmarginiv {\leftmargini}\r
-\setlength \labelsep {.5em}\r
-\setlength \labelwidth{\leftmargini}\r
-\addtolength\labelwidth{-\labelsep}\r
-\r
-\def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini\r
- \parsep 0\p@ \@plus1\p@ \@minus\p@\r
- \topsep 8\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@\r
- \itemsep0\p@}\r
-\let\@listi\@listI\r
-\@listi\r
-\def\@listii {\leftmargin\leftmarginii\r
- \labelwidth\leftmarginii\r
- \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep\r
- \topsep 0\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus\p@}\r
-\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii\r
- \labelwidth\leftmarginiii\r
- \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep\r
- \topsep 0\p@ \@plus\p@\@minus\p@\r
- \parsep \z@\r
- \partopsep \p@ \@plus\z@ \@minus\p@}\r
-\r
-\renewcommand\labelitemi{\normalfont\bfseries --}\r
-\renewcommand\labelitemii{$\m@th\bullet$}\r
-\r
-\setlength\arraycolsep{1.4\p@}\r
-\setlength\tabcolsep{1.4\p@}\r
-\r
-\def\tableofcontents{\chapter*{\contentsname\@mkboth{{\contentsname}}%\r
- {{\contentsname}}}\r
- \def\authcount##1{\setcounter{auco}{##1}\setcounter{@auth}{1}}\r
- \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{auco}=2\relax\r
- \unskip{} \andname\\r
- \else\r
- \unskip \lastandname\\r
- \fi}%\r
- \def\and{\stepcounter{@auth}\relax\r
- \ifnum\value{@auth}=\value{auco}%\r
- \lastand\r
- \else\r
- \unskip,\r
- \fi}%\r
- \@starttoc{toc}\if@restonecol\twocolumn\fi}\r
-\r
-\def\l@part#1#2{\addpenalty{\@secpenalty}%\r
- \addvspace{2em plus\p@}% % space above part line\r
- \begingroup\r
- \parindent \z@\r
- \rightskip \z@ plus 5em\r
- \hrule\vskip5pt\r
- \large % same size as for a contribution heading\r
- \bfseries\boldmath % set line in boldface\r
- \leavevmode % TeX command to enter horizontal mode.\r
- #1\par\r
- \vskip5pt\r
- \hrule\r
- \vskip1pt\r
- \nobreak % Never break after part entry\r
- \endgroup}\r
-\r
-\def\@dotsep{2}\r
-\r
-\let\phantomsection=\relax\r
-\r
-\def\hyperhrefextend{\ifx\hyper@anchor\@undefined\else\r
-{}\fi}\r
-\r
-\def\addnumcontentsmark#1#2#3{%\r
-\addtocontents{#1}{\protect\contentsline{#2}{\protect\numberline\r
- {\thechapter}#3}{\thepage}\hyperhrefextend}}%\r
-\def\addcontentsmark#1#2#3{%\r
-\addtocontents{#1}{\protect\contentsline{#2}{#3}{\thepage}\hyperhrefextend}}%\r
-\def\addcontentsmarkwop#1#2#3{%\r
-\addtocontents{#1}{\protect\contentsline{#2}{#3}{0}\hyperhrefextend}}%\r
-\r
-\def\@adcmk[#1]{\ifcase #1 \or\r
-\def\@gtempa{\addnumcontentsmark}%\r
- \or \def\@gtempa{\addcontentsmark}%\r
- \or \def\@gtempa{\addcontentsmarkwop}%\r
- \fi\@gtempa{toc}{chapter}%\r
-}\r
-\def\addtocmark{%\r
-\phantomsection\r
-\@ifnextchar[{\@adcmk}{\@adcmk[3]}%\r
-}\r
-\r
-\def\l@chapter#1#2{\addpenalty{-\@highpenalty}\r
- \vskip 1.0em plus 1pt \@tempdima 1.5em \begingroup\r
- \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@tocrmarg\r
- \advance\rightskip by 0pt plus 2cm\r
- \parfillskip -\rightskip \pretolerance=10000\r
- \leavevmode \advance\leftskip\@tempdima \hskip -\leftskip\r
- {\large\bfseries\boldmath#1}\ifx0#2\hfil\null\r
- \else\r
- \nobreak\r
- \leaders\hbox{$\m@th \mkern \@dotsep mu.\mkern\r
- \@dotsep mu$}\hfill\r
- \nobreak\hbox to\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}%\r
- \fi\par\r
- \penalty\@highpenalty \endgroup}\r
-\r
-\def\l@title#1#2{\addpenalty{-\@highpenalty}\r
- \addvspace{8pt plus 1pt}\r
- \@tempdima \z@\r
- \begingroup\r
- \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@tocrmarg\r
- \advance\rightskip by 0pt plus 2cm\r
- \parfillskip -\rightskip \pretolerance=10000\r
- \leavevmode \advance\leftskip\@tempdima \hskip -\leftskip\r
- #1\nobreak\r
- \leaders\hbox{$\m@th \mkern \@dotsep mu.\mkern\r
- \@dotsep mu$}\hfill\r
- \nobreak\hbox to\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}\par\r
- \penalty\@highpenalty \endgroup}\r
-\r
-\def\l@author#1#2{\addpenalty{\@highpenalty}\r
- \@tempdima=15\p@ %\z@\r
- \begingroup\r
- \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@tocrmarg\r
- \advance\rightskip by 0pt plus 2cm\r
- \pretolerance=10000\r
- \leavevmode \advance\leftskip\@tempdima %\hskip -\leftskip\r
- \textit{#1}\par\r
- \penalty\@highpenalty \endgroup}\r
-\r
-\setcounter{tocdepth}{0}\r
-\newdimen\tocchpnum\r
-\newdimen\tocsecnum\r
-\newdimen\tocsectotal\r
-\newdimen\tocsubsecnum\r
-\newdimen\tocsubsectotal\r
-\newdimen\tocsubsubsecnum\r
-\newdimen\tocsubsubsectotal\r
-\newdimen\tocparanum\r
-\newdimen\tocparatotal\r
-\newdimen\tocsubparanum\r
-\tocchpnum=\z@ % no chapter numbers\r
-\tocsecnum=15\p@ % section 88. plus 2.222pt\r
-\tocsubsecnum=23\p@ % subsection 88.8 plus 2.222pt\r
-\tocsubsubsecnum=27\p@ % subsubsection 88.8.8 plus 1.444pt\r
-\tocparanum=35\p@ % paragraph 88.8.8.8 plus 1.666pt\r
-\tocsubparanum=43\p@ % subparagraph 88.8.8.8.8 plus 1.888pt\r
-\def\calctocindent{%\r
-\tocsectotal=\tocchpnum\r
-\advance\tocsectotal by\tocsecnum\r
-\tocsubsectotal=\tocsectotal\r
-\advance\tocsubsectotal by\tocsubsecnum\r
-\tocsubsubsectotal=\tocsubsectotal\r
-\advance\tocsubsubsectotal by\tocsubsubsecnum\r
-\tocparatotal=\tocsubsubsectotal\r
-\advance\tocparatotal by\tocparanum}\r
-\calctocindent\r
-\r
-\def\l@section{\@dottedtocline{1}{\tocchpnum}{\tocsecnum}}\r
-\def\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{\tocsectotal}{\tocsubsecnum}}\r
-\def\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{\tocsubsectotal}{\tocsubsubsecnum}}\r
-\def\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{\tocsubsubsectotal}{\tocparanum}}\r
-\def\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{\tocparatotal}{\tocsubparanum}}\r
-\r
-\def\listoffigures{\@restonecolfalse\if@twocolumn\@restonecoltrue\onecolumn\r
- \fi\section*{\listfigurename\@mkboth{{\listfigurename}}{{\listfigurename}}}\r
- \@starttoc{lof}\if@restonecol\twocolumn\fi}\r
-\def\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{0em}{1.5em}}\r
-\r
-\def\listoftables{\@restonecolfalse\if@twocolumn\@restonecoltrue\onecolumn\r
- \fi\section*{\listtablename\@mkboth{{\listtablename}}{{\listtablename}}}\r
- \@starttoc{lot}\if@restonecol\twocolumn\fi}\r
-\let\l@table\l@figure\r
-\r
-\renewcommand\listoffigures{%\r
- \section*{\listfigurename\r
- \@mkboth{\listfigurename}{\listfigurename}}%\r
- \@starttoc{lof}%\r
- }\r
-\r
-\renewcommand\listoftables{%\r
- \section*{\listtablename\r
- \@mkboth{\listtablename}{\listtablename}}%\r
- \@starttoc{lot}%\r
- }\r
-\r
-\ifx\oribibl\undefined\r
-\ifx\citeauthoryear\undefined\r
-\renewenvironment{thebibliography}[1]\r
- {\section*{\refname}\r
- \def\@biblabel##1{##1.}\r
- \small\r
- \list{\@biblabel{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%\r
- {\settowidth\labelwidth{\@biblabel{#1}}%\r
- \leftmargin\labelwidth\r
- \advance\leftmargin\labelsep\r
- \if@openbib\r
- \advance\leftmargin\bibindent\r
- \itemindent -\bibindent\r
- \listparindent \itemindent\r
- \parsep \z@\r
- \fi\r
- \usecounter{enumiv}%\r
- \let\p@enumiv\@empty\r
- \renewcommand\theenumiv{\@arabic\c@enumiv}}%\r
- \if@openbib\r
- \renewcommand\newblock{\par}%\r
- \else\r
- \renewcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em \@plus.33em \@minus.07em}%\r
- \fi\r
- \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000%\r
- \sfcode`\.=\@m}\r
- {\def\@noitemerr\r
- {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%\r
- \endlist}\r
-\def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{\item[{[#1]}\hfill]\if@filesw\r
- {\let\protect\noexpand\immediate\r
- \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#2}{#1}}}\fi\ignorespaces}\r
-\newcount\@tempcntc\r
-\def\@citex[#1]#2{\if@filesw\immediate\write\@auxout{\string\citation{#2}}\fi\r
- \@tempcnta\z@\@tempcntb\m@ne\def\@citea{}\@cite{\@for\@citeb:=#2\do\r
- {\@ifundefined\r
- {b@\@citeb}{\@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citea\def\@citea{,}{\bfseries\r
- ?}\@warning\r
- {Citation `\@citeb' on page \thepage \space undefined}}%\r
- {\setbox\z@\hbox{\global\@tempcntc0\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname\relax}%\r
- \ifnum\@tempcntc=\z@ \@citeo\@tempcntb\m@ne\r
- \@citea\def\@citea{,}\hbox{\csname b@\@citeb\endcsname}%\r
- \else\r
- \advance\@tempcntb\@ne\r
- \ifnum\@tempcntb=\@tempcntc\r
- \else\advance\@tempcntb\m@ne\@citeo\r
- \@tempcnta\@tempcntc\@tempcntb\@tempcntc\fi\fi}}\@citeo}{#1}}\r
-\def\@citeo{\ifnum\@tempcnta>\@tempcntb\else\r
- \@citea\def\@citea{,\,\hskip\z@skip}%\r
- \ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb\the\@tempcnta\else\r
- {\advance\@tempcnta\@ne\ifnum\@tempcnta=\@tempcntb \else\r
- \def\@citea{--}\fi\r
- \advance\@tempcnta\m@ne\the\@tempcnta\@citea\the\@tempcntb}\fi\fi}\r
-\else\r
-\renewenvironment{thebibliography}[1]\r
- {\section*{\refname}\r
- \small\r
- \list{}%\r
- {\settowidth\labelwidth{}%\r
- \leftmargin\parindent\r
- \itemindent=-\parindent\r
- \labelsep=\z@\r
- \if@openbib\r
- \advance\leftmargin\bibindent\r
- \itemindent -\bibindent\r
- \listparindent \itemindent\r
- \parsep \z@\r
- \fi\r
- \usecounter{enumiv}%\r
- \let\p@enumiv\@empty\r
- \renewcommand\theenumiv{}}%\r
- \if@openbib\r
- \renewcommand\newblock{\par}%\r
- \else\r
- \renewcommand\newblock{\hskip .11em \@plus.33em \@minus.07em}%\r
- \fi\r
- \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000%\r
- \sfcode`\.=\@m}\r
- {\def\@noitemerr\r
- {\@latex@warning{Empty `thebibliography' environment}}%\r
- \endlist}\r
- \def\@cite#1{#1}%\r
- \def\@lbibitem[#1]#2{\item[]\if@filesw\r
- {\def\protect##1{\string ##1\space}\immediate\r
- \write\@auxout{\string\bibcite{#2}{#1}}}\fi\ignorespaces}\r
- \fi\r
-\else\r
-\@cons\@openbib@code{\noexpand\small}\r
-\fi\r
-\r
-\def\idxquad{\hskip 10\p@}% space that divides entry from number\r
-\r
-\def\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 10\p@}\r
-\r
-\def\subitem{\par\setbox0=\hbox{--\enspace}% second order\r
- \noindent\hangindent\wd0\box0}% index entry\r
-\r
-\def\subsubitem{\par\setbox0=\hbox{--\,--\enspace}% third\r
- \noindent\hangindent\wd0\box0}% order index entry\r
-\r
-\def\indexspace{\par \vskip 10\p@ plus5\p@ minus3\p@\relax}\r
-\r
-\renewenvironment{theindex}\r
- {\@mkboth{\indexname}{\indexname}%\r
- \thispagestyle{empty}\parindent\z@\r
- \parskip\z@ \@plus .3\p@\relax\r
- \let\item\par\r
- \def\,{\relax\ifmmode\mskip\thinmuskip\r
- \else\hskip0.2em\ignorespaces\fi}%\r
- \normalfont\small\r
- \begin{multicols}{2}[\@makeschapterhead{\indexname}]%\r
- }\r
- {\end{multicols}}\r
-\r
-\renewcommand\footnoterule{%\r
- \kern-3\p@\r
- \hrule\@width 2truecm\r
- \kern2.6\p@}\r
- \newdimen\fnindent\r
- \fnindent1em\r
-\long\def\@makefntext#1{%\r
- \parindent \fnindent%\r
- \leftskip \fnindent%\r
- \noindent\r
- \llap{\hb@xt@1em{\hss\@makefnmark\ }}\ignorespaces#1}\r
-\r
-\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{%\r
- \small\r
- \vskip\abovecaptionskip\r
- \sbox\@tempboxa{{\bfseries #1.} #2}%\r
- \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize\r
- {\bfseries #1.} #2\par\r
- \else\r
- \global \@minipagefalse\r
- \hb@xt@\hsize{\hfil\box\@tempboxa\hfil}%\r
- \fi\r
- \vskip\belowcaptionskip}\r
-\r
-\def\fps@figure{htbp}\r
-\def\fnum@figure{\figurename\thinspace\thefigure}\r
-\def \@floatboxreset {%\r
- \reset@font\r
- \small\r
- \@setnobreak\r
- \@setminipage\r
-}\r
-\def\fps@table{htbp}\r
-\def\fnum@table{\tablename~\thetable}\r
-\renewenvironment{table}\r
- {\setlength\abovecaptionskip{0\p@}%\r
- \setlength\belowcaptionskip{10\p@}%\r
- \@float{table}}\r
- {\end@float}\r
-\renewenvironment{table*}\r
- {\setlength\abovecaptionskip{0\p@}%\r
- \setlength\belowcaptionskip{10\p@}%\r
- \@dblfloat{table}}\r
- {\end@dblfloat}\r
-\r
-\long\def\@caption#1[#2]#3{\par\addcontentsline{\csname\r
- ext@#1\endcsname}{#1}{\protect\numberline{\csname\r
- the#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #2}}\begingroup\r
- \@parboxrestore\r
- \@makecaption{\csname fnum@#1\endcsname}{\ignorespaces #3}\par\r
- \endgroup}\r
-\r
-% LaTeX does not provide a command to enter the authors institute\r
-% addresses. The \institute command is defined here.\r
-\r
-\newcounter{@inst}\r
-\newcounter{@auth}\r
-\newcounter{auco}\r
-\newdimen\instindent\r
-\newbox\authrun\r
-\newtoks\authorrunning\r
-\newtoks\tocauthor\r
-\newbox\titrun\r
-\newtoks\titlerunning\r
-\newtoks\toctitle\r
-\r
-\def\clearheadinfo{\gdef\@author{No Author Given}%\r
- \gdef\@title{No Title Given}%\r
- \gdef\@subtitle{}%\r
- \gdef\@institute{No Institute Given}%\r
- \gdef\@thanks{}%\r
- \global\titlerunning={}\global\authorrunning={}%\r
- \global\toctitle={}\global\tocauthor={}}\r
-\r
-\def\institute#1{\gdef\@institute{#1}}\r
-\r
-\def\institutename{\par\r
- \begingroup\r
- \parskip=\z@\r
- \parindent=\z@\r
- \setcounter{@inst}{1}%\r
- \def\and{\par\stepcounter{@inst}%\r
- \noindent$^{\the@inst}$\enspace\ignorespaces}%\r
- \setbox0=\vbox{\def\thanks##1{}\@institute}%\r
- \ifnum\c@@inst=1\relax\r
- \gdef\fnnstart{0}%\r
- \else\r
- \xdef\fnnstart{\c@@inst}%\r
- \setcounter{@inst}{1}%\r
- \noindent$^{\the@inst}$\enspace\r
- \fi\r
- \ignorespaces\r
- \@institute\par\r
- \endgroup}\r
-\r
-\def\@fnsymbol#1{\ensuremath{\ifcase#1\or\star\or{\star\star}\or\r
- {\star\star\star}\or \dagger\or \ddagger\or\r
- \mathchar "278\or \mathchar "27B\or \|\or **\or \dagger\dagger\r
- \or \ddagger\ddagger \else\@ctrerr\fi}}\r
-\r
-\def\inst#1{\unskip$^{#1}$}\r
-\def\fnmsep{\unskip$^,$}\r
-\def\email#1{{\tt#1}}\r
-\AtBeginDocument{\@ifundefined{url}{\def\url#1{#1}}{}%\r
-\@ifpackageloaded{babel}{%\r
-\@ifundefined{extrasenglish}{}{\addto\extrasenglish{\switcht@albion}}%\r
-\@ifundefined{extrasfrenchb}{}{\addto\extrasfrenchb{\switcht@francais}}%\r
-\@ifundefined{extrasgerman}{}{\addto\extrasgerman{\switcht@deutsch}}%\r
-}{\switcht@@therlang}%\r
-\providecommand{\keywords}[1]{\par\addvspace\baselineskip\r
-\noindent\keywordname\enspace\ignorespaces#1}%\r
-}\r
-\def\homedir{\~{ }}\r
-\r
-\def\subtitle#1{\gdef\@subtitle{#1}}\r
-\clearheadinfo\r
-%\r
-%%% to avoid hyperref warnings\r
-\providecommand*{\toclevel@author}{999}\r
-%%% to make title-entry parent of section-entries\r
-\providecommand*{\toclevel@title}{0}\r
-%\r
-\renewcommand\maketitle{\newpage\r
-\phantomsection\r
- \refstepcounter{chapter}%\r
- \stepcounter{section}%\r
- \setcounter{section}{0}%\r
- \setcounter{subsection}{0}%\r
- \setcounter{figure}{0}\r
- \setcounter{table}{0}\r
- \setcounter{equation}{0}\r
- \setcounter{footnote}{0}%\r
- \begingroup\r
- \parindent=\z@\r
- \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%\r
- \if@twocolumn\r
- \ifnum \col@number=\@ne\r
- \@maketitle\r
- \else\r
- \twocolumn[\@maketitle]%\r
- \fi\r
- \else\r
- \newpage\r
- \global\@topnum\z@ % Prevents figures from going at top of page.\r
- \@maketitle\r
- \fi\r
- \thispagestyle{empty}\@thanks\r
-%\r
- \def\\{\unskip\ \ignorespaces}\def\inst##1{\unskip{}}%\r
- \def\thanks##1{\unskip{}}\def\fnmsep{\unskip}%\r
- \instindent=\hsize\r
- \advance\instindent by-\headlineindent\r
- \if!\the\toctitle!\addcontentsline{toc}{title}{\@title}\else\r
- \addcontentsline{toc}{title}{\the\toctitle}\fi\r
- \if@runhead\r
- \if!\the\titlerunning!\else\r
- \edef\@title{\the\titlerunning}%\r
- \fi\r
- \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rm\unboldmath\ignorespaces\@title}%\r
- \ifdim\wd\titrun>\instindent\r
- \typeout{Title too long for running head. Please supply}%\r
- \typeout{a shorter form with \string\titlerunning\space prior to\r
- \string\maketitle}%\r
- \global\setbox\titrun=\hbox{\small\rm\r
- Title Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%\r
- \fi\r
- \xdef\@title{\copy\titrun}%\r
- \fi\r
-%\r
- \if!\the\tocauthor!\relax\r
- {\def\and{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\and}%\r
- \protected@xdef\toc@uthor{\@author}}%\r
- \else\r
- \def\\{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\newline}%\r
- \protected@xdef\scratch{\the\tocauthor}%\r
- \protected@xdef\toc@uthor{\scratch}%\r
- \fi\r
- \addtocontents{toc}{\noexpand\protect\noexpand\authcount{\the\c@auco}}%\r
- \addcontentsline{toc}{author}{\toc@uthor}%\r
- \if@runhead\r
- \if!\the\authorrunning!\r
- \value{@inst}=\value{@auth}%\r
- \setcounter{@auth}{1}%\r
- \else\r
- \edef\@author{\the\authorrunning}%\r
- \fi\r
- \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\unboldmath\@author\unskip}%\r
- \ifdim\wd\authrun>\instindent\r
- \typeout{Names of authors too long for running head. Please supply}%\r
- \typeout{a shorter form with \string\authorrunning\space prior to\r
- \string\maketitle}%\r
- \global\setbox\authrun=\hbox{\small\rm\r
- Authors Suppressed Due to Excessive Length}%\r
- \fi\r
- \xdef\@author{\copy\authrun}%\r
- \markboth{\@author}{\@title}%\r
- \fi\r
- \endgroup\r
- \setcounter{footnote}{\fnnstart}%\r
- \clearheadinfo}\r
-%\r
-\def\@maketitle{\newpage\r
- \markboth{}{}%\r
- \def\lastand{\ifnum\value{@inst}=2\relax\r
- \unskip{} \andname\\r
- \else\r
- \unskip \lastandname\\r
- \fi}%\r
- \def\and{\stepcounter{@auth}\relax\r
- \ifnum\value{@auth}=\value{@inst}%\r
- \lastand\r
- \else\r
- \unskip,\r
- \fi}%\r
- \begin{center}%\r
- \let\newline\\\r
- {\Large \bfseries\boldmath\r
- \pretolerance=10000\r
- \@title \par}\vskip .8cm\r
-\if!\@subtitle!\else {\large \bfseries\boldmath\r
- \vskip -.65cm\r
- \pretolerance=10000\r
- \@subtitle \par}\vskip .8cm\fi\r
- \setbox0=\vbox{\setcounter{@auth}{1}\def\and{\stepcounter{@auth}}%\r
- \def\thanks##1{}\@author}%\r
- \global\value{@inst}=\value{@auth}%\r
- \global\value{auco}=\value{@auth}%\r
- \setcounter{@auth}{1}%\r
-{\lineskip .5em\r
-\noindent\ignorespaces\r
-\@author\vskip.35cm}\r
- {\small\institutename}\r
- \end{center}%\r
- }\r
-\r
-% definition of the "\spnewtheorem" command.\r
-%\r
-% Usage:\r
-%\r
-% \spnewtheorem{env_nam}{caption}[within]{cap_font}{body_font}\r
-% or \spnewtheorem{env_nam}[numbered_like]{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}\r
-% or \spnewtheorem*{env_nam}{caption}{cap_font}{body_font}\r
-%\r
-% New is "cap_font" and "body_font". It stands for\r
-% fontdefinition of the caption and the text itself.\r
-%\r
-% "\spnewtheorem*" gives a theorem without number.\r
-%\r
-% A defined spnewthoerem environment is used as described\r
-% by Lamport.\r
-%\r
-%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%\r
-\r
-\def\@thmcountersep{}\r
-\def\@thmcounterend{.}\r
-\r
-\def\spnewtheorem{\@ifstar{\@sthm}{\@Sthm}}\r
-\r
-% definition of \spnewtheorem with number\r
-\r
-\def\@spnthm#1#2{%\r
- \@ifnextchar[{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}}{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}}}\r
-\def\@Sthm#1{\@ifnextchar[{\@spothm{#1}}{\@spnthm{#1}}}\r
-\r
-\def\@spxnthm#1#2[#3]#4#5{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname\r
- {\@definecounter{#1}\@addtoreset{#1}{#3}%\r
- \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\expandafter\noexpand\r
- \csname the#3\endcsname \noexpand\@thmcountersep \@thmcounter{#1}}%\r
- \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%\r
- \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%\r
- \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}\r
-\r
-\def\@spynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname\r
- {\@definecounter{#1}%\r
- \expandafter\xdef\csname the#1\endcsname{\@thmcounter{#1}}%\r
- \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%\r
- \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%\r
- \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}\r
-\r
-\def\@spothm#1[#2]#3#4#5{%\r
- \@ifundefined{c@#2}{\@latexerr{No theorem environment `#2' defined}\@eha}%\r
- {\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname\r
- {\newaliascnt{#1}{#2}%\r
- \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#3}%\r
- \global\@namedef{#1}{\@spthm{#1}{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#4}{#5}}%\r
- \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}}\r
-\r
-\def\@spthm#1#2#3#4{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@\r
-\refstepcounter{#1}%\r
-\@ifnextchar[{\@spythm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}{\@spxthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}}}\r
-\r
-\def\@spxthm#1#2#3#4{\@spbegintheorem{#2}{\csname the#1\endcsname}{#3}{#4}%\r
- \ignorespaces}\r
-\r
-\def\@spythm#1#2#3#4[#5]{\@spopargbegintheorem{#2}{\csname\r
- the#1\endcsname}{#5}{#3}{#4}\ignorespaces}\r
-\r
-\def\@spbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{\trivlist\r
- \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1\ #2\@thmcounterend}]#4}\r
-\r
-\def\@spopargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4#5{\trivlist\r
- \item[\hskip\labelsep{#4#1\ #2}]{#4(#3)\@thmcounterend\ }#5}\r
-\r
-% definition of \spnewtheorem* without number\r
-\r
-\def\@sthm#1#2{\@Ynthm{#1}{#2}}\r
-\r
-\def\@Ynthm#1#2#3#4{\expandafter\@ifdefinable\csname #1\endcsname\r
- {\global\@namedef{#1}{\@Thm{\csname #1name\endcsname}{#3}{#4}}%\r
- \expandafter\xdef\csname #1name\endcsname{#2}%\r
- \global\@namedef{end#1}{\@endtheorem}}}\r
-\r
-\def\@Thm#1#2#3{\topsep 7\p@ \@plus2\p@ \@minus4\p@\r
-\@ifnextchar[{\@Ythm{#1}{#2}{#3}}{\@Xthm{#1}{#2}{#3}}}\r
-\r
-\def\@Xthm#1#2#3{\@Begintheorem{#1}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}\r
-\r
-\def\@Ythm#1#2#3[#4]{\@Opargbegintheorem{#1}\r
- {#4}{#2}{#3}\ignorespaces}\r
-\r
-\def\@Begintheorem#1#2#3{#3\trivlist\r
- \item[\hskip\labelsep{#2#1\@thmcounterend}]}\r
-\r
-\def\@Opargbegintheorem#1#2#3#4{#4\trivlist\r
- \item[\hskip\labelsep{#3#1}]{#3(#2)\@thmcounterend\ }}\r
-\r
-\if@envcntsect\r
- \def\@thmcountersep{.}\r
- \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]{\bfseries}{\itshape}\r
-\else\r
- \spnewtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}{\bfseries}{\itshape}\r
- \if@envcntreset\r
- \@addtoreset{theorem}{section}\r
- \else\r
- \@addtoreset{theorem}{chapter}\r
- \fi\r
-\fi\r
-\r
-%definition of divers theorem environments\r
-\spnewtheorem*{claim}{Claim}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}\r
-\spnewtheorem*{proof}{Proof}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}\r
-\if@envcntsame % alle Umgebungen wie Theorem.\r
- \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spothm{#1}[theorem]{#2}{#3}{#4}}\r
-\else % alle Umgebungen mit eigenem Zaehler\r
- \if@envcntsect % mit section numeriert\r
- \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spxnthm{#1}{#2}[section]{#3}{#4}}\r
- \else % nicht mit section numeriert\r
- \if@envcntreset\r
- \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}\r
- \@addtoreset{#1}{section}}\r
- \else\r
- \def\spn@wtheorem#1#2#3#4{\@spynthm{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}\r
- \@addtoreset{#1}{chapter}}%\r
- \fi\r
- \fi\r
-\fi\r
-\spn@wtheorem{case}{Case}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}\r
-\spn@wtheorem{conjecture}{Conjecture}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}\r
-\spn@wtheorem{corollary}{Corollary}{\bfseries}{\itshape}\r
-\spn@wtheorem{definition}{Definition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}\r
-\spn@wtheorem{example}{Example}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}\r
-\spn@wtheorem{exercise}{Exercise}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}\r
-\spn@wtheorem{lemma}{Lemma}{\bfseries}{\itshape}\r
-\spn@wtheorem{note}{Note}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}\r
-\spn@wtheorem{problem}{Problem}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}\r
-\spn@wtheorem{property}{Property}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}\r
-\spn@wtheorem{proposition}{Proposition}{\bfseries}{\itshape}\r
-\spn@wtheorem{question}{Question}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}\r
-\spn@wtheorem{solution}{Solution}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}\r
-\spn@wtheorem{remark}{Remark}{\itshape}{\rmfamily}\r
-\r
-\def\@takefromreset#1#2{%\r
- \def\@tempa{#1}%\r
- \let\@tempd\@elt\r
- \def\@elt##1{%\r
- \def\@tempb{##1}%\r
- \ifx\@tempa\@tempb\else\r
- \@addtoreset{##1}{#2}%\r
- \fi}%\r
- \expandafter\expandafter\let\expandafter\@tempc\csname cl@#2\endcsname\r
- \expandafter\def\csname cl@#2\endcsname{}%\r
- \@tempc\r
- \let\@elt\@tempd}\r
-\r
-\def\theopargself{\def\@spopargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4##5{\trivlist\r
- \item[\hskip\labelsep{##4##1\ ##2}]{##4##3\@thmcounterend\ }##5}\r
- \def\@Opargbegintheorem##1##2##3##4{##4\trivlist\r
- \item[\hskip\labelsep{##3##1}]{##3##2\@thmcounterend\ }}\r
- }\r
-\r
-\renewenvironment{abstract}{%\r
- \list{}{\advance\topsep by0.35cm\relax\small\r
- \leftmargin=1cm\r
- \labelwidth=\z@\r
- \listparindent=\z@\r
- \itemindent\listparindent\r
- \rightmargin\leftmargin}\item[\hskip\labelsep\r
- \bfseries\abstractname]}\r
- {\endlist}\r
-\r
-\newdimen\headlineindent % dimension for space between\r
-\headlineindent=1.166cm % number and text of headings.\r
-\r
-\def\ps@headings{\let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo\r
- \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty\r
- \def\@evenhead{\normalfont\small\rlap{\thepage}\hspace{\headlineindent}%\r
- \leftmark\hfil}\r
- \def\@oddhead{\normalfont\small\hfil\rightmark\hspace{\headlineindent}%\r
- \llap{\thepage}}\r
- \def\chaptermark##1{}%\r
- \def\sectionmark##1{}%\r
- \def\subsectionmark##1{}}\r
-\r
-\def\ps@titlepage{\let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo\r
- \let\@oddfoot\@empty\let\@evenfoot\@empty\r
- \def\@evenhead{\normalfont\small\rlap{\thepage}\hspace{\headlineindent}%\r
- \hfil}\r
- \def\@oddhead{\normalfont\small\hfil\hspace{\headlineindent}%\r
- \llap{\thepage}}\r
- \def\chaptermark##1{}%\r
- \def\sectionmark##1{}%\r
- \def\subsectionmark##1{}}\r
-\r
-\if@runhead\ps@headings\else\r
-\ps@empty\fi\r
-\r
-\setlength\arraycolsep{1.4\p@}\r
-\setlength\tabcolsep{1.4\p@}\r
-\r
-\endinput\r
-%end of file llncs.cls\r